Book Image

Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

By : Rongpeng Li
Book Image

Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

By: Rongpeng Li

Overview of this book

Statistics remain the backbone of modern analysis tasks, helping you to interpret the results produced by data science pipelines. This book is a detailed guide covering the math and various statistical methods required for undertaking data science tasks. The book starts by showing you how to preprocess data and inspect distributions and correlations from a statistical perspective. You’ll then get to grips with the fundamentals of statistical analysis and apply its concepts to real-world datasets. As you advance, you’ll find out how statistical concepts emerge from different stages of data science pipelines, understand the summary of datasets in the language of statistics, and use it to build a solid foundation for robust data products such as explanatory models and predictive models. Once you’ve uncovered the working mechanism of data science algorithms, you’ll cover essential concepts for efficient data collection, cleaning, mining, visualization, and analysis. Finally, you’ll implement statistical methods in key machine learning tasks such as classification, regression, tree-based methods, and ensemble learning. By the end of this Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts book, you’ll have learned how to build and present a self-contained, statistics-backed data product to meet your business goals.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
1
Section 1: Getting Started with Statistics for Data Science
5
Section 2: Essentials of Statistical Analysis
10
Section 3: Statistics for Machine Learning
15
Section 4: Appendix

Chapter 4: Sampling and Inferential Statistics

In this chapter, we focus on several difficult sampling techniques and basic inferential statistics associated with each of them. This chapter is crucial because in real life, the data we have is, most likely, only a small portion of a whole set. Sometimes, we also need to perform sampling on a given large dataset. Common reasons for sampling are listed as follows:

  • The analysis can run quicker when the dataset is small.
  • Your model doesn't benefit much from having gazillions of pieces of data.

Sometimes, you also don't want sampling. For example, sampling a small dataset with sub-categories may be detrimental. Understanding how sampling works will help you to avoid various kinds of pitfalls.

The following topics will be covered in this chapter:

  • Understanding fundamental concepts in sampling techniques
  • Performing proper sampling under different scenarios
  • Understanding statistics associated...