Nowadays, web applications face many problems in performance due to database traffic. One of the great advantages of using an Object/Relational Mapping (ORM) solution like Hibernate or JPA is the ability to reduce or even eliminate multiple round trips to the database. However, to take advantage of this benefit, it's quite important to design a good model. With well-known ORM solutions like Hibernate and JPA, you can define your model on top of an existent database schema, or let the ORM engine generate the database model from your object model.

On the opposite side, if you design a bad model, your Hibernate/JPA application may produce the opposite effect and create more requests to the database and increase I/O workload against the database.

Anyway, if you are looking to gain good performance, some techniques are necessary to keep your application at top performance. One of the best techniques is optimize the performance...