Book Image

CMake Cookbook

By : Radovan Bast, Roberto Di Remigio

Book Image

CMake Cookbook

By: Radovan Bast, Roberto Di Remigio

Overview of this book

CMake is cross-platform, open-source software for managing the build process in a portable fashion. This book features a collection of recipes and building blocks with tips and techniques for working with CMake, CTest, CPack, and CDash. CMake Cookbook includes real-world examples in the form of recipes that cover different ways to structure, configure, build, and test small- to large-scale code projects. You will learn to use CMake's command-line tools and master modern CMake practices for configuring, building, and testing binaries and libraries. With this book, you will be able to work with external libraries and structure your own projects in a modular and reusable way. You will be well-equipped to generate native build scripts for Linux, MacOS, and Windows, simplify and refactor projects using CMake, and port projects to CMake.

Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

To get the most out of this book

Additional reading resources

Free Chapter

Setting up Your System

Setting up Your System

Obtaining the code

Installing prerequisite software

Testing the recipes

Reporting problems and suggesting improvements

From a Simple Executable to Libraries

From a Simple Executable to Libraries

Compiling a single source file into an executable

Switching generators

Building and linking static and shared libraries

Controlling compilation with conditionals

Presenting options to the user

Specifying the compiler

Switching the build type

Controlling compiler flags

Setting the standard for the language

Using control flow constructs

Detecting the Environment

Detecting the Environment

Discovering the operating system

Dealing with platform-dependent source code

Dealing with compiler-dependent source code

Discovering the host processor architecture

Discovering the host processor instruction set

Enabling vectorization for the Eigen library

Detecting External Libraries and Programs

Detecting External Libraries and Programs

Detecting the Python interpreter

Detecting the Python library

Detecting Python modules and packages

Detecting the BLAS and LAPACK math libraries

Detecting the OpenMP parallel environment

Detecting the MPI parallel environment

Detecting the Eigen library

Detecting the Boost libraries

Detecting external libraries: I. Using pkg-config

Detecting external libraries: II. Writing a find-module

Creating and Running Tests

Creating and Running Tests

Creating a simple unit test

Defining a unit test using the Catch2 library

Defining a unit test and linking against Google Test

Defining a unit test and linking against Boost test

Using dynamic analysis to detect memory defects

Testing expected failures

Using timeouts for long tests

Running tests in parallel

Running a subset of tests

Using test fixtures

Configure-time and Build-time Operations

Configure-time and Build-time Operations

Using platform-independent file operations

Running a custom command at configure time

Running a custom command at build time: I. Using add_custom_command

Running a custom command at build time: II. Using add_custom_target

Running custom commands for specific targets at build time

Probing compilation and linking

Probing compiler flags

Probing execution

Fine-tuning configuration and compilation with generator expressions

Generating Source Code

Generating Source Code

Generating sources at configure time

Generating source code at configure time using Python

Generating source code at build time using Python

Recording the project version information for reproducibility

Recording the project version from a file

Recording the Git hash at configure time

Recording the Git hash at build time

Structuring Projects

Structuring Projects

Code reuse with functions and macros

Splitting CMake sources into modules

Writing a function to test and set compiler flags

Defining a function or macro with named arguments

Redefining functions and macros

Deprecating functions, macros, and variables

Limiting scope with add_subdirectory

Avoiding global variables using target_sources

Organizing Fortran projects

The Superbuild Pattern

The Superbuild Pattern

Using the superbuild pattern

Managing dependencies with a superbuild: I. The Boost libraries

Managing dependencies with a superbuild: II. The FFTW library

Managing dependencies with a superbuild: III. The Google Test framework

Managing your project as a superbuild

Mixed-language Projects

Mixed-language Projects

Building Fortran projects that use C/C++ libraries

Building C/C++ projects that use Fortran libraries

Building C++ and Python projects using Cython

Building C++ and Python projects using Boost.Python

Building C++ and Python projects using pybind11

Mixing C, C++, Fortran, and Python using Python CFFI

Writing an Installer

Writing an Installer

Installing your project

Generating export headers

Exporting your targets

Installing a superbuild

Packaging Projects

Packaging Projects

Generating source and binary packages

Distributing a C++/Python project built with CMake/pybind11 via PyPI

Distributing a C/Fortran/Python project build with CMake/CFFI via PyPI

Distributing a simple project as Conda package

Distributing a project with dependencies as Conda package

Building Documentation

Building Documentation

Building documentation using Doxygen

Building documentation using Sphinx

Combining Doxygen and Sphinx

Alternative Generators and Cross-compilation

Alternative Generators and Cross-compilation

Building a CMake project using Visual Studio 2017

Cross-compiling a hello world example

Cross-compiling a Windows binary with OpenMP parallelization

Testing Dashboards

Testing Dashboards

Deploying tests to the CDash dashboard

Reporting test coverage to the CDash dashboard

Using the AddressSanitizer and reporting memory defects to CDash

Using the ThreadSanitizer and reporting data races to CDash

Porting a Project to CMake

Porting a Project to CMake

Generating files and writing platform checks

Detecting required dependencies and linking

Reproducing compiler flags

Porting install targets

Summary and common pitfalls when converting projects to CMake

Other Books You May Enjoy

Other Books You May Enjoy

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Get in touch

Feedback from our readers is always welcome.

Source code improvements and issues: Please direct pull requests towards https://github.com/dev-cafe/cmake-cookbook and report specific issues with recipes via https://github.com/dev-cafe/cmake-cookbook/issues.

General feedback: Email [email protected] and mention the book title in the subject of your message. If you have questions about any aspect of this book, please email us at [email protected].

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