Book Image

Selenium WebDriver Quick Start Guide

By : Pinakin Chaubal
Book Image

Selenium WebDriver Quick Start Guide

By: Pinakin Chaubal

Overview of this book

Selenium WebDriver is a platform-independent API for automating the testing of both browser and mobile applications. It is also a core technology in many other browser automation tools, APIs, and frameworks. This book will guide you through the WebDriver APIs that are used in automation tests. Chapter by chapter, we will construct the building blocks of a page object model framework as you learn about the required Java and Selenium methods and terminology. The book starts with an introduction to the same-origin policy, cross-site scripting dangers, and the Document Object Model (DOM). Moving ahead, we'll learn about XPath, which allows us to select items on a page, and how to design a customized XPath. After that, we will be creating singleton patterns and drivers. Then you will learn about synchronization and handling pop-up windows. You will see how to create a factory for browsers and understand command design patterns applicable to this area. At the end of the book, we tie all this together by creating a framework and implementing multi-browser testing with Selenium Grid.

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Table of Contents (10 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Get in touch
Free Chapter
1
Introducing Selenium WebDriver and Environment Setup
Introducing Selenium WebDriver and Environment Setup
Technical requirements
Why is test automation required?
Some pointers on Selenium
What's new in Java 8
Understanding Selenium RC
Introducing Selenium WebDriver
Drivers in Selenium
Preparing for the very first script
Summary
2
Understanding the Document Object Model and Creating Customized XPaths
Understanding the Document Object Model and Creating Customized XPaths
Technical requirements
What is the DOM?
DOM traversal
Introducing the Fillo API
Debugging in Eclipse
Summary
3
Basic Selenium Commands and Their Usage in Building a Framework
Basic Selenium Commands and Their Usage in Building a Framework
Technical requirements
What are method signatures?
What are Lists in java?
Important methods in Selenium
The difference between quit() and close()
Understanding the keyword driven framework
Bird's eye view of the framework
Introducing the log4j framework
Extent Reports
Summary
4
Handling Popups, Frames, and Alerts
Handling Popups, Frames, and Alerts
Technical requirements
Window handles
Modal and non-modal dialog
Handling non-modal popup windows
Handling modal popup windows
Modal and non-modal alerts
Understanding frames and iframes
Handling mobile app permission alerts
DesiredCapabilities
Summary
5
Synchronization
Synchronization
Technical requirements
What is synchronization?
Unconditional synchronization
Conditional synchronization
A glance at the JQuery library
A Sample application using JQuery
Pitfall – Never fall into one
Summary
6
The Actions Class and JavascriptExecutor
The Actions Class and JavascriptExecutor
Technical requirements
Builder design pattern
The actions class
Introducing JavascriptExecutor
EventFiringWebDriver
First steps toward the framework
Understanding the Selenium Grid
Exercise
Summary
7
The Command Pattern and Creating Components
The Command Pattern and Creating Components
Technical requirements
Introducing the command design pattern
A look at the project structure in Eclipse
Introducing the TestNG framework
Incorporating Selenium Grid
Summary
8
Hybrid Framework
Hybrid Framework
Technical requirements
Introducing the WebDriverManager library
DataProviders in TestNG
Introducing TestNG listeners
Introducing assertions
Implementing logging and reporting in the framework
Generating screenshots in Selenium
Using the Ashot API
Some extra location techniques in Selenium WebDriver 3
Welcome Selenium 4
Next steps
Summary
9
Other Books You May Enjoy
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Leave a review - let other readers know what you think

Drivers in Selenium

We will now take a look at the various drivers that are available in Selenium and their usage.

Remote WebDriver

Remote WebDriver is the implementation class of the WebDriver interface. Apart from WebDriver, it also implements the interfaces of TakesScreenShot, findBy, JavaScriptExecutor, and so on.

Mobile drivers

All modern web apps have implementations for mobile devices. The two most popular operating systems in mobile devices are Android and iOS. Selenium has implementations for Android and iPhone, that is, AndroidDriver and IODDriver. Both of these are direct implementations of WebDriver.

Headless browsers

Headless browsers are those that do not have a graphical user interface (GUI). Everything runs in the background. When a test is executed with a headless browser, no screen is displayed to the user. Two popular headless browsers are HTMLUnit and Phantom JS. Chrome now supports the HTMLUnit browser.

Why do we need headless browsers?

Suppose that Selenium tests have to be executed on an OS which does not have a GUI like Linux or when multiple browser behaviors have to be simulated on just one machine. The advantage of a headless browser is that the resources utilized by the test are minimal. A scenario where you can use these browsers is for test data creation. In these situations, there is no special need to display the screen to the user.

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