Introduction

R is the mainstream programming language of choice for data scientists. According to polls conducted by KDnuggets, a leading data analysis website, R ranked as the most popular language for analytics, data mining, and data science in the three most recent surveys (2012 to 2014). For many data scientists, R is more than just a programming language because the software also provides an interactive environment that can perform all types of data analysis.

R has many advantages in data manipulation and analysis, and the three most well-known are as follows:

R users will most likely agree that these advantages make complicated data analysis easier and more approachable. Notably, R also allows us to take the role of just a basic user or a developer. For an R user, we only need to know how a function works without requiring detailed knowledge of how it is implemented. Similarly to SPSS, we can perform various types of data analysis through R's interactive shell. On the other hand, as an R developer, we can write their function to create a new model, or they can even wrap implemented functions into a package.

Instead of explaining how to write an R program from scratch, the aim of this book is to cover how to become a developer in R. The main purpose of this chapter is to show users how to define their function to accelerate the analysis procedure. Starting with creating a function, this chapter covers the environment of R, and it explains how to create matching arguments. There is also content on how to perform functional programming in R, how to create advanced functions, such as infix operator and replacement, and how to handle errors and debug functions.