Book Image

Machine Learning Solutions

Book Image

Machine Learning Solutions

Overview of this book

Machine learning (ML) helps you find hidden insights from your data without the need for explicit programming. This book is your key to solving any kind of ML problem you might come across in your job. You’ll encounter a set of simple to complex problems while building ML models, and you'll not only resolve these problems, but you’ll also learn how to build projects based on each problem, with a practical approach and easy-to-follow examples. The book includes a wide range of applications: from analytics and NLP, to computer vision domains. Some of the applications you will be working on include stock price prediction, a recommendation engine, building a chat-bot, a facial expression recognition system, and many more. The problem examples we cover include identifying the right algorithm for your dataset and use cases, creating and labeling datasets, getting enough clean data to carry out processing, identifying outliers, overftting datasets, hyperparameter tuning, and more. Here, you'll also learn to make more timely and accurate predictions. In addition, you'll deal with more advanced use cases, such as building a gaming bot, building an extractive summarization tool for medical documents, and you'll also tackle the problems faced while building an ML model. By the end of this book, you'll be able to fine-tune your models as per your needs to deliver maximum productivity.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Machine Learning Solutions
Foreword
Contributors
Preface
Index

Understanding the testing metrics


In this section, we will cover the testing metrics. We will look at the two matrices that will help us understand how to test the object detection application. These testing matrices are as follows:

  • Intersection over Union (IoU)

  • mean Average Precision (mAP)

Intersection over Union (IoU)

For detection, IoU is used in order to find out whether the object proposal is right or not. This is a regular way to determine whether object detection is done perfectly or not. IoU generally takes the set, A, of proposed object pixels and the set of true object pixels, B, and calculates IoU based on the following formula:

Generally, IoU >0.5, which means that it was a hit or that it identified the object pixels or boundary box for the object; otherwise, it fails. This is a more formal understanding of the IoU. Now, let's look at the intuition and the meaning behind it. Let's take an image as reference to help us understand the intuition behind this matrix. You can refer...