Book Image

Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity

By : Jitendra Chittoda
Book Image

Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity

By: Jitendra Chittoda

Overview of this book

Solidity is among the most popular and contract-oriented programming languages used for writing decentralized applications (DApps) on Ethereum blockchain. If you’re looking to perfect your skills in writing professional-grade smart contracts using Solidity, this book can help. You will get started with a detailed introduction to blockchain, smart contracts, and Ethereum, while also gaining useful insights into the Solidity programming language. A dedicated section will then take you through the different Ethereum Request for Comments (ERC) standards, including ERC-20, ERC-223, and ERC-721, and demonstrate how you can choose among these standards while writing smart contracts. As you approach later chapters, you will cover the different smart contracts available for use in libraries such as OpenZeppelin. You’ll also learn to use different open source tools to test, review and improve the quality of your code and make it production-ready. Toward the end of this book, you’ll get to grips with techniques such as adding security to smart contracts, and gain insights into various security considerations. By the end of this book, you will have the skills you need to write secure, production-ready smart contracts in Solidity from scratch for decentralized applications on Ethereum blockchain.

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Table of Contents (21 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Get in touch
Free Chapter
1
Section 1: Getting Started with Blockchain, Ethereum, and Solidity
Section 1: Getting Started with Blockchain, Ethereum, and Solidity
2
Introduction to Blockchain
Introduction to Blockchain
Understanding blockchain
Introduction to Ethereum
Smart contracts
Summary
Questions
3
Getting Started with Solidity
Getting Started with Solidity
Introduction to the Solidity language
Solidity data types
Assigning variables with units
Global special variables and functions
Topics for self-study
Summary
Questions
Further reading
4
Control Structures and Contracts
Control Structures and Contracts
Understanding Solidity control structures
Solidity contracts
Understanding types of Solidity functions
Using emit and events for event logging
Inheriting contracts
Creating abstract contracts
Creating interfaces
Creating custom reusable libraries
Summary
Questions
5
Section 2: Deep Dive into Development Tools
Section 2: Deep Dive into Development Tools
6
Learning MetaMask and Remix
Learning MetaMask and Remix
Technical requirements
Using the MetaMask plugin
Using the Remix Solidity IDE
Using the blockchain explorer at etherscan.io
Ethereum wallet software
Using myetherwallet.com
Summary
Questions
7
Using Ganache and the Truffle Framework
Using Ganache and the Truffle Framework
Technical requirements
Local blockchain with Ganache
Understanding Truffle framework
Summary
Questions
8
Taking Advantage of Code Quality Tools
Taking Advantage of Code Quality Tools
Technical requirements
Using the surya tool
Understanding Solidity linters
The solidity-coverage tool
Summary
Questions
9
Section 3: Mastering ERC Standards and Libraries
Section 3: Mastering ERC Standards and Libraries
10
ERC20 Token Standard
ERC20 Token Standard
Technical requirements
Overview of the ERC20 token standard
ERC20 standard API
ERC20 implementation
Events
Optional functions
Advanced functions
Summary
Questions
11
ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard
ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard
Technical requirements
Overview of the ERC721 NFT standard
The ERC721 NFT standard API interface
Understanding the ERC721 implementation
Events
The ERC721TokenReceiver interface
The ERC721Metadata interface
The ERC721 enumerable
The ERC721 full implementation
Summary
Questions
12
Deep Dive into the OpenZeppelin Library
Deep Dive into the OpenZeppelin Library
Technical requirements
The OpenZeppelin project 
Contract ownership
Roles library
Life cycle contracts
The ERC20 token standard library
Math-related libraries
Crowdsale
Utility contracts
Summary
Questions
13
Using Multisig Wallets
Using Multisig Wallets
Technical requirements
Understanding multisig wallets
Benefits of using multisig wallets
Precautions when using multisig wallets
Learning ConsenSys multisig implementation
Setting up your own multisig wallet
Sending ETH from a multisig contract
Controlling contracts with multisig
Summary
Questions
14
Upgradable Contracts Using ZeppelinOS
Upgradable Contracts Using ZeppelinOS
Technical requirements
Understanding upgradable contracts
Introduction to ZeppelinOS
Creating a ZeppelinOS project
ZeppelinOS commands
Precautions while using ZeppelinOS
Summary
Questions
15
Building Your Own Token
Building Your Own Token
Technical requirements
Features of our token
Contract architecture design
Setting up the Truffle project
Creating Solidity contracts
Writing a migration script
Writing test cases
Deploying contracts on testnet
Summary
Questions
16
Section 4: Design Patterns and Best Practices
Section 4: Design Patterns and Best Practices
17
Solidity Design Patterns
Solidity Design Patterns
Security patterns
Creational patterns
Behavioral patterns
Gas economic patterns
Life cycle patterns
Summary
Questions
18
Tips, Tricks, and Security Best Practices
Tips, Tricks, and Security Best Practices
Technical requirements
Smart contracts best practices
Known attack patterns
Security analysis tools
Summary
Questions
19
Assessments
Assessments
Chapter 1
Chapter 2 
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
20
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Advanced functions

There are some advanced functions that were recently added in the ERC20 token implementations. However, these functions are not part of the ERC20 standard APIs. These functions are just added to improve usage and reduce security issues and attacks. If you are writing decentralized or centralized exchanges, these functions should not be taken as part of the ERC20 standard as these functions may not be found in all of the ERC20 standard token implementations.

In the new OpenZeppelin implementation of ERC20 contracts, there are more functions such as _mint(), _burn(), and _burnFrom() that were also added. We will look into those functions in detail in Chapter 9, Deep Dive into the OpenZeppelin Library.

As we have seen when we talked about the approve() function, it's possible to attack the function using front-running techniques. By using the...

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