Book Image

A Practical Guide to Quantum Machine Learning and Quantum Optimization

By : Elías F. Combarro, Samuel González-Castillo
4.5 (2)
Book Image

A Practical Guide to Quantum Machine Learning and Quantum Optimization

4.5 (2)
By: Elías F. Combarro, Samuel González-Castillo

Overview of this book

This book provides deep coverage of modern quantum algorithms that can be used to solve real-world problems. You’ll be introduced to quantum computing using a hands-on approach with minimal prerequisites. You’ll discover many algorithms, tools, and methods to model optimization problems with the QUBO and Ising formalisms, and you will find out how to solve optimization problems with quantum annealing, QAOA, Grover Adaptive Search (GAS), and VQE. This book also shows you how to train quantum machine learning models, such as quantum support vector machines, quantum neural networks, and quantum generative adversarial networks. The book takes a straightforward path to help you learn about quantum algorithms, illustrating them with code that’s ready to be run on quantum simulators and actual quantum computers. You’ll also learn how to utilize programming frameworks such as IBM’s Qiskit, Xanadu’s PennyLane, and D-Wave’s Leap. Through reading this book, you will not only build a solid foundation of the fundamentals of quantum computing, but you will also become familiar with a wide variety of modern quantum algorithms. Moreover, this book will give you the programming skills that will enable you to start applying quantum methods to solve practical problems right away.
Table of Contents (27 chapters)
1
Part I: I, for One, Welcome our New Quantum Overlords
4
Part II: When Time is Gold: Tools for Quantum Optimization
10
Part III: A Match Made in Heaven: Quantum Machine Learning
16
Part IV: Afterword and Appendices
17
Chapter 13: Afterword: The Future of Quantum Computing
19
Bibliography
20
Index
Appendix A: Complex Numbers
Appendix E: Production Notes

Chapter 5
QAOA: Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm

True optimization is the revolutionary contribution of modern research to decision processes.
— George Dantzig

The techniques that we have introduced in the two previous chapters already allow us to solve combinatorial optimization problems on quantum computers. Specifically, we have studied how to write problems using the QUBO formalism and how to use quantum annealers to sample approximate solutions. This is an important approach to quantum optimization, but it is not the only one.

In this chapter, we are going to show how the ideas that we have already explored can also be used on digital quantum computers. We will be using our beloved quantum circuits — with all their qubits, quantum gates, and measurements — to solve combinatorial optimization problems formulated in the QUBO framework.

More concretely, we will be studying the famous Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), which is a gate...