Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "Add oak-middleware-jwt to the deps.ts file and export the jwtMiddleware function."

A block of code is set as follows:

const apiRouter = new Router({ prefix: "/api" })
apiRouter.use(async (_, next) => {
  console.log("Request was made to API Router");
  await next();
}))
…
app.use(apiRouter.routes());
app.use(apiRouter.allowedMethods());

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

const app = new Application();
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
  const start = Date.now();
  await next();
  const ms = Date.now() - start;
  ctx.response.headers.set("X-Response-Time", `${ms}ms`);
});
…
app.use(apiRouter.routes());
app.use(apiRouter.allowedMethods());

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

$ deno --version 
deno 1.7.5 (release, x86_64-apple-darwin) 
v8 9.0.123 
typescript 4.1.4

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "If you've used MongoDB, you can see your users created there on the Atlas interface, by going to the Collections menu."

Tips or important notes

Appear like this.