Book Image

Python for Finance Cookbook

By : Eryk Lewinson
Book Image

Python for Finance Cookbook

By: Eryk Lewinson

Overview of this book

Python is one of the most popular programming languages used in the financial industry, with a huge set of accompanying libraries. In this book, you'll cover different ways of downloading financial data and preparing it for modeling. You'll calculate popular indicators used in technical analysis, such as Bollinger Bands, MACD, RSI, and backtest automatic trading strategies. Next, you'll cover time series analysis and models, such as exponential smoothing, ARIMA, and GARCH (including multivariate specifications), before exploring the popular CAPM and the Fama-French three-factor model. You'll then discover how to optimize asset allocation and use Monte Carlo simulations for tasks such as calculating the price of American options and estimating the Value at Risk (VaR). In later chapters, you'll work through an entire data science project in the financial domain. You'll also learn how to solve the credit card fraud and default problems using advanced classifiers such as random forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and stacked models. You'll then be able to tune the hyperparameters of the models and handle class imbalance. Finally, you'll focus on learning how to use deep learning (PyTorch) for approaching financial tasks. By the end of this book, you’ll have learned how to effectively analyze financial data using a recipe-based approach.
Table of Contents (12 chapters)

Correcting for stationarity in time series

In this recipe, we investigate how to make a non-stationary time series stationary by using the following transformations:

  • Deflation: Accounting for inflation in monetary series using the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
  • Natural logarithm: Making the exponential trend closer to linear
  • Differencing: Taking the difference between the current observation and a lagged value (observation x time points before it)

We use the same data that we used in the Testing for stationarity in time series recipe. The conclusion from that recipe was that the time series of monthly gold prices from 2000-2011 was not stationary.

How to do it...

Execute the following steps to transform the series from non-stationary...