Book Image

Quantum Computing in Practice with Qiskit® and IBM Quantum Experience®

By : Hassi Norlen
5 (1)
Book Image

Quantum Computing in Practice with Qiskit® and IBM Quantum Experience®

5 (1)
By: Hassi Norlen

Overview of this book

IBM Quantum Experience® is a leading platform for programming quantum computers and implementing quantum solutions directly on the cloud. This book will help you get up to speed with programming quantum computers and provide solutions to the most common problems and challenges. You’ll start with a high-level overview of IBM Quantum Experience® and Qiskit®, where you will perform the installation while writing some basic quantum programs. This introduction puts less emphasis on the theoretical framework and more emphasis on recent developments such as Shor’s algorithm and Grover’s algorithm. Next, you’ll delve into Qiskit®, a quantum information science toolkit, and its constituent packages such as Terra, Aer, Ignis, and Aqua. You’ll cover these packages in detail, exploring their benefits and use cases. Later, you’ll discover various quantum gates that Qiskit® offers and even deconstruct a quantum program with their help, before going on to compare Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) and Universal Fault-Tolerant quantum computing using simulators and actual hardware. Finally, you’ll explore quantum algorithms and understand how they differ from classical algorithms, along with learning how to use pre-packaged algorithms in Qiskit® Aqua. By the end of this quantum computing book, you’ll be able to build and execute your own quantum programs using IBM Quantum Experience® and Qiskit® with Python.
Table of Contents (12 chapters)

Flipping with the Pauli X, Y, and Z gates

The Pauli X, Y, and Z gates all act on a single qubit, and perform an action similar to a classical NOT gate, which flips the value of a classical bit. For example, the X gate sends to and vice versa.

As we shall see, the X gate is actually a rotation around the x axis of radians. The same is true for the Pauli Y and Z gates, but along the y and z axes correspondingly.

Mathematically, the X, Y, and Z gates can be expressed as the following unitary matrixes:

This recipe will serve as a sort of template for how to use the sample code that is provided in the chapter. The remaining recipes will largely gloss over the deeper details.

Let's take a look at the Pauli X, Y, and Z gates by running the Quantum Gate UI sample program. It starts by setting up a plain quantum circuit with a single qubit initiated in a state that you select. The gate selected is then added to the circuit, and then the unitary simulator and state...