Typically, you'll find yourself dealing with two main kinds of data: categorical and numerical. Numerical data, such as temperature, amount of money, days of usage, or house number, can be composed of either floating-point numbers (such as 1.0, -2.3, 99.99, and so on) or integers (such as -3, 9, 0, 1, and so on). Each value that the data can assume has a direct relation with others since they're comparable. In other words, you can say that a feature with a value of 2.0 is greater (actually, it is double) than a feature that assumes a value of 1.0. This type of data is very well-defined and comprehensible, with binary operators such as equal to, greater than, and less than.
The other type of data you might see in your career is the categorical type. A categorical datum expresses an attribute that cannot be measured and assumes...