With respect to the machine learning algorithm that you are going to use, irrelevant and redundant features may play a role in the lack of interpretability of the resulting model, long training times and, most importantly, overfitting and poor generalization.
Overfitting is related to the ratio of the number of observations and the variables available in your dataset. When the variables are many compared to the observations, your learning algorithm will have more chance of ending up with some local optimization or the fitting of some spurious noise due to the correlation between variables.
Apart from dimensionality reduction, which requires you to transform data, feature selection can be the solution to the aforementioned problems. It simplifies high-dimensional structures by choosing the most predictive set of variables; that is, it picks the features that work...
