This chapter will introduce you to the concept of types. A data type, or simply a type, is a classification of data. The type defines the operations that can be done on the data and the various attributes it might have. A sentence or a word can be considered as being a String. A number (non-decimal) can be considered to be an Int type. We will cover what exactly String and Int are along with how to create our own instances of String and Int. An instance is the actual number or the actual word we're referring to.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics: