Book Image

Interpretable Machine Learning with Python - Second Edition

By : Serg Masís
4 (4)
Book Image

Interpretable Machine Learning with Python - Second Edition

4 (4)
By: Serg Masís

Overview of this book

Interpretable Machine Learning with Python, Second Edition, brings to light the key concepts of interpreting machine learning models by analyzing real-world data, providing you with a wide range of skills and tools to decipher the results of even the most complex models. Build your interpretability toolkit with several use cases, from flight delay prediction to waste classification to COMPAS risk assessment scores. This book is full of useful techniques, introducing them to the right use case. Learn traditional methods, such as feature importance and partial dependence plots to integrated gradients for NLP interpretations and gradient-based attribution methods, such as saliency maps. In addition to the step-by-step code, you’ll get hands-on with tuning models and training data for interpretability by reducing complexity, mitigating bias, placing guardrails, and enhancing reliability. By the end of the book, you’ll be confident in tackling interpretability challenges with black-box models using tabular, language, image, and time series data.
Table of Contents (17 chapters)
15
Other Books You May Enjoy
16
Index

Generating LSTM attributions with integrated gradients

We first learned about integrated gradients (IG) in Chapter 7, Visualizing Convolutional Neural Networks. Unlike the other gradient-based attribution methods studied in that chapter, path-integrated gradients is not contingent on convolutional layers, nor is it limited to classification problems.

In fact, since it computes the gradients of the output concerning the inputs averaged along the path, the input and output could be anything! It is common to use integrated gradients with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), like the one we are interpreting in this chapter. Frankly, when you see an IG LSTM example online, it has an embedding layer and is an NLP classifier, but IG could be used very effectively for LSTMs that even process sounds or genetic data!

The integrated gradient explainer and the explainers that we will use moving forward can access any part of the traffic dataset....