We can use the same method, the same name, and same arguments to cause different things to happen according to the class in which we invoke a method. In object-oriented programming, this feature is known as polymorphism.

For example, consider that we define a talk method in the Animal class. The different subclasses of Animal must override this method to provide its own implementation of talk.

A Dog class will override this method to print the representation of a dog barking, that is, a Woof message. On the other hand, a Cat class will override this method to print the representation of a cat meowing, that is, a Meow message.

Now, let's think about a CartoonDog class that represents a dog that can really talk as part of a cartoon. The CartoonDog class will override the talk method to print a Hello message because the dog can really talk.

Thus, depending on the type of the instance, we will see a different result after invoking the same method along with the same...