All the events that Bukkit provides can be found in the API documentation in the org.bukkit.event package. Each event is categorized into packages within org.bukkit.event, such as org.bukkit.event.block, org.bukkit.event.player, and org.bukkit.event.world. This makes it easy to find the event that you are looking for. A full list of the Bukkit events can be found at https://hub.spigotmc.org/javadocs/spigot/org/bukkit/event/class-use/Event.html. I encourage you to take a look at the list to see what type of event you can listen for. Each event has several methods, which give you more information and allow you to modify the event. For example, BlockBreakEvent provides methods to get the block that was broken and the player who broke it. Most events can also be canceled if you wish to not allow the events to occur. This is useful in many situations, such as not letting a new player place a TNT block, or preventing a mob from spawning.
As mentioned earlier, listening to events...