Book Image

Learn LLVM 17 - Second Edition

By : Kai Nacke, Amy Kwan
Book Image

Learn LLVM 17 - Second Edition

By: Kai Nacke, Amy Kwan

Overview of this book

LLVM was built to bridge the gap between the theoretical knowledge found in compiler textbooks and the practical demands of compiler development. With a modular codebase and advanced tools, LLVM empowers developers to build compilers with ease. This book serves as a practical introduction to LLVM, guiding you progressively through complex scenarios and ensuring that you navigate the challenges of building and working with compilers like a pro. The book starts by showing you how to configure, build, and install LLVM libraries, tools, and external projects. You’ll then be introduced to LLVM's design, unraveling its applications in each compiler stage: frontend, optimizer, and backend. Using a real programming language subset, you'll build a frontend, generate LLVM IR, optimize it through the pipeline, and generate machine code. Advanced chapters extend your expertise, covering topics such as extending LLVM with a new pass, using LLVM tools for debugging, and enhancing the quality of your code. You'll also focus on just-in-time compilation issues and the current state of JIT-compilation support with LLVM. Finally, you’ll develop a new backend for LLVM, gaining insights into target description and how instruction selection works. By the end of this book, you'll have hands-on experience with the LLVM compiler development framework through real-world examples and source code snippets.
Table of Contents (20 chapters)
1
Part 1: The Basics of Compiler Construction with LLVM
4
Part 2: From Source to Machine Code Generation
10
Part 3: Taking LLVM to the Next Level
14
Part 4: Roll Your Own Backend

Experimenting with the TableGen language

Very often, beginners feel overwhelmed by the TableGen language. But as soon as you start experimenting with the language, it becomes much easier.

Defining records and classes

Let’s define a simple record for an instruction:

def ADD {
  string Mnemonic = "add";
  int Opcode = 0xA0;
}

The def keyword signals that you define a record. It is followed by the name of the record. The record body is surrounded by curly braces, and the body consists of field definitions, similar to a structure in C++.

You can use the llvm-tblgen tool to see the generated records. Save the preceding source code in an inst.td file and run the following:

$ llvm-tblgen --print-records inst.td
------------- Classes -----------------
------------- Defs -----------------
def ADD {
  string Mnemonic = "add";
  int Opcode = 160;
}

This is not yet exciting; it only shows the defined record was...