Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By : Clinton L. Jeffery
Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By: Clinton L. Jeffery

Overview of this book

The need for different types of computer languages is growing rapidly and developers prefer creating domain-specific languages for solving specific application domain problems. Building your own programming language has its advantages. It can be your antidote to the ever-increasing size and complexity of software. In this book, you’ll start with implementing the frontend of a compiler for your language, including a lexical analyzer and parser. The book covers a series of traversals of syntax trees, culminating with code generation for a bytecode virtual machine. Moving ahead, you’ll learn how domain-specific language features are often best represented by operators and functions that are built into the language, rather than library functions. We’ll conclude with how to implement garbage collection, including reference counting and mark-and-sweep garbage collection. Throughout the book, Dr. Jeffery weaves in his experience of building the Unicon programming language to give better context to the concepts where relevant examples are provided in both Unicon and Java so that you can follow the code of your choice of either a very high-level language with advanced features, or a mainstream language. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own domain-specific languages, capable of compiling and running programs.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Section 1: Programming Language Frontends
7
Section 2: Syntax Tree Traversals
13
Section 3: Code Generation and Runtime Systems
21
Section 4: Appendix

Preparing to generate code

Generating intermediate code produces enough information to enable the task of generating the final code that can be run. Like many things in life, a daunting task becomes possible when you prepare well. Eager developers might want to skip this phase and jump straight to final code generation, so let's consider why intermediate code generation is so advantageous. Generating final machine code is a complex task and most compilers use intermediate code to break the work up into stages to complete it successfully. This section will show you the details of what and why, starting with some specific technical motivations to generate intermediate code.

Why generate intermediate code?

The goal of this phase of your compiler is to produce a list of machine-independent instructions for each method in the program. Generating preliminary machine-neutral code as an intermediate representation of a program's instructions has the following benefits:

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