Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By : Clinton L. Jeffery
Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By: Clinton L. Jeffery

Overview of this book

The need for different types of computer languages is growing rapidly and developers prefer creating domain-specific languages for solving specific application domain problems. Building your own programming language has its advantages. It can be your antidote to the ever-increasing size and complexity of software. In this book, you’ll start with implementing the frontend of a compiler for your language, including a lexical analyzer and parser. The book covers a series of traversals of syntax trees, culminating with code generation for a bytecode virtual machine. Moving ahead, you’ll learn how domain-specific language features are often best represented by operators and functions that are built into the language, rather than library functions. We’ll conclude with how to implement garbage collection, including reference counting and mark-and-sweep garbage collection. Throughout the book, Dr. Jeffery weaves in his experience of building the Unicon programming language to give better context to the concepts where relevant examples are provided in both Unicon and Java so that you can follow the code of your choice of either a very high-level language with advanced features, or a mainstream language. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own domain-specific languages, capable of compiling and running programs.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Section 1: Programming Language Frontends
7
Section 2: Syntax Tree Traversals
13
Section 3: Code Generation and Runtime Systems
21
Section 4: Appendix

Using GNU make

Command lines are growing longer and longer, and you will get very tired of typing the commands required to build a programming language. We are already using Unicon, Java, uflex, jflex, iyacc, and BYACC/J. Few tools for building large programs are multi-platform and multi-language enough for this toolset. We will use the ultimate: GNU make.

Once a make program is installed on your path, you can store the build rules for Unicon or Java or both in a file named a makefile (or Makefile), and then just run make whenever you have changed the code and need to rebuild. A full treatment of make is beyond the scope of this book, but here are the key points.

A makefile is like a lex or yacc specification, except instead of recognizing patterns of strings, a makefile specifies a graph of build dependencies between files. For each file, the makefile contains the source files it depends on as well as a list of one or more command lines needed to build that file. The makefile...