Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By : Clinton L. Jeffery
Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By: Clinton L. Jeffery

Overview of this book

The need for different types of computer languages is growing rapidly and developers prefer creating domain-specific languages for solving specific application domain problems. Building your own programming language has its advantages. It can be your antidote to the ever-increasing size and complexity of software. In this book, you’ll start with implementing the frontend of a compiler for your language, including a lexical analyzer and parser. The book covers a series of traversals of syntax trees, culminating with code generation for a bytecode virtual machine. Moving ahead, you’ll learn how domain-specific language features are often best represented by operators and functions that are built into the language, rather than library functions. We’ll conclude with how to implement garbage collection, including reference counting and mark-and-sweep garbage collection. Throughout the book, Dr. Jeffery weaves in his experience of building the Unicon programming language to give better context to the concepts where relevant examples are provided in both Unicon and Java so that you can follow the code of your choice of either a very high-level language with advanced features, or a mainstream language. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own domain-specific languages, capable of compiling and running programs.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Section 1: Programming Language Frontends
7
Section 2: Syntax Tree Traversals
13
Section 3: Code Generation and Runtime Systems
21
Section 4: Appendix

Determining the kinds of words and punctuation to provide in your language

Programming languages have several different categories of words and punctuation. In natural language, words are categorized into parts of speech – nouns, verbs, adjectives, and so on. The categories that correspond to parts of speech that you will have to invent for a programming language can be constructed by doing the following:

  • Defining a set of reserved words or keywords
  • Specifying characters in identifiers that name variables, functions, and constants
  • Creating a format for literal constant values for built-in data types
  • Defining single and multi-letter operators and punctuation marks

You should write down precise descriptions of each of these categories as part of your language design document. In some cases, you might just make lists of particular words or punctuation to use, but in other cases, you will need patterns or some other way to convey what is and is not allowed...