Book Image

Windows APT Warfare

By : Sheng-Hao Ma
5 (2)
Book Image

Windows APT Warfare

5 (2)
By: Sheng-Hao Ma

Overview of this book

An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is a severe form of cyberattack that lies low in the system for a prolonged time and locates and then exploits sensitive information. Preventing APTs requires a strong foundation of basic security techniques combined with effective security monitoring. This book will help you gain a red team perspective on exploiting system design and master techniques to prevent APT attacks. Once you’ve understood the internal design of operating systems, you’ll be ready to get hands-on with red team attacks and, further, learn how to create and compile C source code into an EXE program file. Throughout this book, you’ll explore the inner workings of how Windows systems run and how attackers abuse this knowledge to bypass antivirus products and protection. As you advance, you’ll cover practical examples of malware and online game hacking, such as EXE infection, shellcode development, software packers, UAC bypass, path parser vulnerabilities, and digital signature forgery, gaining expertise in keeping your system safe from this kind of malware. By the end of this book, you’ll be well equipped to implement the red team techniques that you've learned on a victim's computer environment, attempting to bypass security and antivirus products, to test its defense against Windows APT attacks.
Table of Contents (17 chapters)
1
Part 1 – Modern Windows Compiler
5
Part 2 – Windows Process Internals
9
Part 3 – Abuse System Design and Red Team Tips

Function calling convention

In the previous chapters, we learned that the compiler saves chunks of code in different sections depending on the function of the source code. For example, the code is converted to machine code and stored in the .text section, the data is stored in the .data or .rdata section, and the import address table (IAT) is stored in the .idata section, as shown in Figure 3.1:

Figure 3.1 – Native code of msgbox.exe

Figure 3.1 – Native code of msgbox.exe

Shellcode is a concise machine code script. When we can hijack a thread’s program counter, such as the EIP or RIP registers or the return address, we can control it in shellcode to perform specific and precise tasks (calling a specific set of system APIs). Common behaviors (such as downloading and executing malware, reverse shell connections, pop-up windows, etc.) are all achieved by calling the system API.

However, unlike PE programs, shellcode does not run with the help of the kernel to do file mapping or...