Book Image

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras – 3rd edition - Third Edition

By : Amita Kapoor, Antonio Gulli, Sujit Pal
5 (2)
Book Image

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras – 3rd edition - Third Edition

5 (2)
By: Amita Kapoor, Antonio Gulli, Sujit Pal

Overview of this book

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras teaches you neural networks and deep learning techniques using TensorFlow (TF) and Keras. You'll learn how to write deep learning applications in the most powerful, popular, and scalable machine learning stack available. TensorFlow 2.x focuses on simplicity and ease of use, with updates like eager execution, intuitive higher-level APIs based on Keras, and flexible model building on any platform. This book uses the latest TF 2.0 features and libraries to present an overview of supervised and unsupervised machine learning models and provides a comprehensive analysis of deep learning and reinforcement learning models using practical examples for the cloud, mobile, and large production environments. This book also shows you how to create neural networks with TensorFlow, runs through popular algorithms (regression, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transformers, generative adversarial networks (GANs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), natural language processing (NLP), and graph neural networks (GNNs)), covers working example apps, and then dives into TF in production, TF mobile, and TensorFlow with AutoML.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
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Index

Capsule networks

Capsule networks (or CapsNets) are a very recent and innovative type of deep learning network. This technique was introduced at the end of October 2017 in a seminal paper titled Dynamic Routing Between Capsules by Sara Sabour, Nicholas Frost, and Geoffrey Hinton (https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.09829) [14]. Hinton is the father of deep learning and, therefore, the whole deep learning community is excited to see the progress made with Capsules. Indeed, CapsNets are already beating the best CNN on MNIST classification, which is... well, impressive!!

What is the problem with CNNs?

In CNNs, each layer “understands” an image at a progressive level of granularity. As we discussed in multiple sections, the first layer will most likely recognize straight lines or simple curves and edges, while subsequent layers will start to understand more complex shapes such as rectangles up to complex forms such as human faces.

Now, one critical operation used for...