Book Image

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras – 3rd edition - Third Edition

By : Amita Kapoor, Antonio Gulli, Sujit Pal
5 (2)
Book Image

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras – 3rd edition - Third Edition

5 (2)
By: Amita Kapoor, Antonio Gulli, Sujit Pal

Overview of this book

Deep Learning with TensorFlow and Keras teaches you neural networks and deep learning techniques using TensorFlow (TF) and Keras. You'll learn how to write deep learning applications in the most powerful, popular, and scalable machine learning stack available. TensorFlow 2.x focuses on simplicity and ease of use, with updates like eager execution, intuitive higher-level APIs based on Keras, and flexible model building on any platform. This book uses the latest TF 2.0 features and libraries to present an overview of supervised and unsupervised machine learning models and provides a comprehensive analysis of deep learning and reinforcement learning models using practical examples for the cloud, mobile, and large production environments. This book also shows you how to create neural networks with TensorFlow, runs through popular algorithms (regression, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transformers, generative adversarial networks (GANs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), natural language processing (NLP), and graph neural networks (GNNs)), covers working example apps, and then dives into TF in production, TF mobile, and TensorFlow with AutoML.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
21
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22
Index

Attention mechanism

In the previous section, we saw how the context or thought vector from the last time step of the encoder is fed into the decoder as the initial hidden state. As the context flows through the time steps on the decoder, the signal gets combined with the decoder output and progressively gets weaker and weaker. The result is that the context does not have much effect on the later time steps in the decoder.

In addition, certain sections of the decoder output may depend more heavily on certain sections of the input. For example, consider an input “thank you very much,” and the corresponding output “merci beaucoup” for an English-to-French translation network such as the one we looked at in the previous section. Here, the English phrases “thank you,” and “very much,” correspond to the French “merci” and “beaucoup” respectively. This information is also not conveyed adequately through...