Book Image

Learning C# 7 By Developing Games with Unity 2017 - Third Edition

Book Image

Learning C# 7 By Developing Games with Unity 2017 - Third Edition

Overview of this book

Do you want to learn C# programming by creating fun and interactive games using the latest Unity 2017 platform? If so, look no further; this is the right book for you. Get started with programming C# so you can create 2D and 3D games in Unity. We will walk you through the basics to get you started with C# 7 and its latest features. Then, explore the use of C# 7 and its latest functional programming capabilities to create amazing games with Unity 2017. You will create your first C# script for Unity, add objects into it, and learn how to create game elements with it. Work with the latest functional programming features of C# and leverage them for great game scripting. Throughout the book, you will learn to use the new Unity 2017 2D tool set and create an interactive 2D game with it. You will make enemies appear to challenge your player, and discover some optimization techniques for great game performance. At the end, you will learn how to transform a 2D game into 3D, and you will be able to skill up to become a pro C# programmer with Unity 2017!

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Table of Contents (23 chapters)
Title Page
Title Page
Credits
Credits
About the Authors
About the Authors
About the Authors
About the Authors
About the Reviewer
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback
Customer Feedback
Preface
Preface
Free Chapter
1
Discovering Your Hidden Scripting Skills and Getting Your Environment Ready
Discovering Your Hidden Scripting Skills and Getting Your Environment Ready
Prerequisite knowledge to use this book
Dealing with scriptphobia
Downloading Unity
Teaching behavior to GameObjects
C# documentation – where to find it and do I need it at all?
Working with C# script files
Creating a C# script file
Introducing the MonoDevelop code editor
Instance? What is this?
Summary
2
Introducing the Building Blocks for Unity Scripts
Introducing the Building Blocks for Unity Scripts
Understanding what a variable is and what it does
What is a method?
Introducing the class
The Start(), Update(), and Awake() methods, and the execution order
Components that communicate using dot syntax
Making decisions in code
Pencil and paper are powerful tools
Summary
3
Getting into the Details of Variables
Getting into the Details of Variables
Writing C# statements properly
Understanding component properties in Unity's Inspector
Changing a property's value in the Inspector panel
Private variables
Naming your variables properly
Beginning variable names with lowercase
Using multiword variable names
Declaring a variable and its type
Assigning values while declaring a variable
Where you declare a variable is important
Variable scope - determining where a variable can be used
Summary
4
Getting into the Details of Methods
Getting into the Details of Methods
Using methods in a script
Naming methods properly
Defining a method the right way
Understanding parentheses - why are they there?
Specifying a method's parameters
Returning a value from a method
Summary
5
Lists, Arrays, and Dictionaries
Lists, Arrays, and Dictionaries
What is an array?
Storing items in the List
List <T> versus arrays
Retrieving the data from the Array or List<T>
ArrayList
Dictionaries
Summary
6
Loops
Loops
Introduction to loops
The foreach loop
The for loop
The while loop
while versus for loops
Loops in statements
Modulo
Searching for data inside an array
Breaking the loop
Summary
7
Object, a Container with Variables and Methods
Object, a Container with Variables and Methods
Working with objects is a class act
Instantiating an object
Bored yet?
Using methods with objects
Custom constructors
Overloading
Summary
8
Let's Make a Game! – from Idea to Development
Let's Make a Game! – from Idea to Development
Your first game – avoiding the trap of the never–ending concept
What do I need to learn before I start creating my own game?
Game mechanics and core components
Breaking the concept into smaller parts
Testing the mechanics
Target platform and resolution
Target screen resolution
Summary
9
Starting Your First Game
Starting Your First Game
Setting up a new Unity project for our game
Preparing the player prefab
PlayerController
User input
Animator
Code
Summary
10
Writing GameManager
Writing GameManager
Gameplay loops
Singleton class
Starting the game
Setting up input keys
Using triggers
Restarting the game
Setting up the player starting position
Code in this chapter
Summary
11
The Game Level
The Game Level
Designed levels versus generated levels
Creating a designed level
Creating a generated level
Creating a copy of the level piece
Instantiating
Vector3
Testing LevelGenerator
Extending the level
The code used in this chapter
Summary
12
The User Interface
The User Interface
Introducting the Unity UI
Views
Buttons
Hiding and showing the Canvas
Reference exceptions
GameView
The code in this chapter
Summary
13
Collectables
Collectables
Collectables
The coin prefab
High score and persisting data
Health Points and Health bar
Magic Points and Magic bar
The code in this chapter
Summary
14
Enemies
Enemies
What makes an enemy?
Movement
The code in this chapter
Summary
15
Audio, 3D Games, and Export
Audio, 3D Games, and Export
How to add sound effects and music
How to create a 3D game
How to export and make it playable
Code
Summary

Variable scope - determining where a variable can be used

Variable scope is a fancy way of saying, "Where in the script a variable exists." The following screenshot explains the scope of some variables:

You might have noticed that the rectangular blocks start and end with curly brackets. Just like the AddTwoNumbers() method in Chapter 2, Introducing the Building Blocks for Unity Scripts, the code between an opening curly bracket and a closing curly bracket is called a code block. Absolutely wherever in a code you have an opening curly bracket, there will be a closing curly bracket to match. All of the code between the two brackets is a code block. Notice that code blocks can be nested inside other code blocks.

Note

You normally won't create bare blocks of code with curly brackets like I did in the case of Code Block 3. Code blocks usually include other things, such as if statements, looping statements, and methods. This example is just to demonstrate how the scope of a variable works and where...

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