Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By : Clinton L. Jeffery
Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By: Clinton L. Jeffery

Overview of this book

The need for different types of computer languages is growing rapidly and developers prefer creating domain-specific languages for solving specific application domain problems. Building your own programming language has its advantages. It can be your antidote to the ever-increasing size and complexity of software. In this book, you’ll start with implementing the frontend of a compiler for your language, including a lexical analyzer and parser. The book covers a series of traversals of syntax trees, culminating with code generation for a bytecode virtual machine. Moving ahead, you’ll learn how domain-specific language features are often best represented by operators and functions that are built into the language, rather than library functions. We’ll conclude with how to implement garbage collection, including reference counting and mark-and-sweep garbage collection. Throughout the book, Dr. Jeffery weaves in his experience of building the Unicon programming language to give better context to the concepts where relevant examples are provided in both Unicon and Java so that you can follow the code of your choice of either a very high-level language with advanced features, or a mainstream language. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own domain-specific languages, capable of compiling and running programs.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Section 1: Programming Language Frontends
7
Section 2: Syntax Tree Traversals
13
Section 3: Code Generation and Runtime Systems
21
Section 4: Appendix

Completing the Jzero language definition

In the previous chapter, we listed the requirements for the language that will be implemented in this book, and the previous section elaborated on some of its design considerations. For reference purposes, this section will describe additional details regarding the Jzero language. If you find any discrepancies between this section and our Jzero compiler, then they are bugs. Programming language designers use more precise formal tools to define various aspects of a language; notations for describing lexical and syntax rules will be presented in the next two chapters. This section will describe the language in layman's terms.

A Jzero program consists of a single class in a single file. This class may consist of multiple methods and variables, but all of them are static. A Jzero program starts by executing a static method called main(), which is required. The kinds of statements that are allowed in Jzero are assignment statements, if statements...