Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

By : Emily Webber
4.5 (2)
Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

4.5 (2)
By: Emily Webber

Overview of this book

Foundation models have forever changed machine learning. From BERT to ChatGPT, CLIP to Stable Diffusion, when billions of parameters are combined with large datasets and hundreds to thousands of GPUs, the result is nothing short of record-breaking. The recommendations, advice, and code samples in this book will help you pretrain and fine-tune your own foundation models from scratch on AWS and Amazon SageMaker, while applying them to hundreds of use cases across your organization. With advice from seasoned AWS and machine learning expert Emily Webber, this book helps you learn everything you need to go from project ideation to dataset preparation, training, evaluation, and deployment for large language, vision, and multimodal models. With step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples, you’ll go from mastering the concept of pretraining to preparing your dataset and model, configuring your environment, training, fine-tuning, evaluating, deploying, and optimizing your foundation models. You will learn how to apply the scaling laws to distributing your model and dataset over multiple GPUs, remove bias, achieve high throughput, and build deployment pipelines. By the end of this book, you’ll be well equipped to embark on your own project to pretrain and fine-tune the foundation models of the future.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
1
Part 1: Before Pretraining
5
Part 2: Configure Your Environment
9
Part 3: Train Your Model
13
Part 4: Evaluate Your Model
17
Part 5: Deploy Your Model

Advanced Training Concepts

In this chapter, we will cover advanced training concepts at scale, such as evaluating throughput, calculating model teraFLOPS (TFLOPS) per device, compiling, and using the scaling laws to determine the right length of training time. In the last chapter, you learned about how to do large-scale training on SageMaker, in general terms. In this chapter, you’ll learn about particularly complex and sophisticated techniques you can use to drive down the overall cost of your job. This lower cost directly translates to higher model performance because you can train for longer on the same budget.

We will cover the following topics in this chapter:

  • Evaluating and improving throughput with model TFLOPS
  • Using FlashAttention to speed up your training runs
  • Speeding up your jobs with compilation
  • Amazon SageMaker Training Compiler and Neo
  • Running compiled models on Amazon’s Trainium and Inferentia custom hardware
  • Solving for an...