Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

By : Emily Webber
4.5 (2)
Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

4.5 (2)
By: Emily Webber

Overview of this book

Foundation models have forever changed machine learning. From BERT to ChatGPT, CLIP to Stable Diffusion, when billions of parameters are combined with large datasets and hundreds to thousands of GPUs, the result is nothing short of record-breaking. The recommendations, advice, and code samples in this book will help you pretrain and fine-tune your own foundation models from scratch on AWS and Amazon SageMaker, while applying them to hundreds of use cases across your organization. With advice from seasoned AWS and machine learning expert Emily Webber, this book helps you learn everything you need to go from project ideation to dataset preparation, training, evaluation, and deployment for large language, vision, and multimodal models. With step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples, you’ll go from mastering the concept of pretraining to preparing your dataset and model, configuring your environment, training, fine-tuning, evaluating, deploying, and optimizing your foundation models. You will learn how to apply the scaling laws to distributing your model and dataset over multiple GPUs, remove bias, achieve high throughput, and build deployment pipelines. By the end of this book, you’ll be well equipped to embark on your own project to pretrain and fine-tune the foundation models of the future.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
1
Part 1: Before Pretraining
5
Part 2: Configure Your Environment
9
Part 3: Train Your Model
13
Part 4: Evaluate Your Model
17
Part 5: Deploy Your Model

From few- to zero-shot learning

As you’ll remember, a key model we’ve been referring back to is GPT-3, Generative Pretrained Transformers. The paper that gave us the third version of this is called Language models are few shot learners. (1) Why? Because the primary goal of the paper was to develop a model capable of performing well without extensive fine-tuning. This is an advantage because it means you can use one model to cover a much broader array of use cases without needing to develop custom code or curate custom datasets. Said another way, the unit economics are much stronger for zero-shot learning than they are for fine-tuning. In a fine-tuning world, you need to work harder for your base model to solve a use case. This is in contrast to a few-shot world, where it’s easier to solve additional use cases from your base model. This makes the few-shot model more valuable because the fine-tuning model becomes too expensive at scale. While in practice fine-tuning...