Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

By : Emily Webber
4.5 (2)
Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

4.5 (2)
By: Emily Webber

Overview of this book

Foundation models have forever changed machine learning. From BERT to ChatGPT, CLIP to Stable Diffusion, when billions of parameters are combined with large datasets and hundreds to thousands of GPUs, the result is nothing short of record-breaking. The recommendations, advice, and code samples in this book will help you pretrain and fine-tune your own foundation models from scratch on AWS and Amazon SageMaker, while applying them to hundreds of use cases across your organization. With advice from seasoned AWS and machine learning expert Emily Webber, this book helps you learn everything you need to go from project ideation to dataset preparation, training, evaluation, and deployment for large language, vision, and multimodal models. With step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples, you’ll go from mastering the concept of pretraining to preparing your dataset and model, configuring your environment, training, fine-tuning, evaluating, deploying, and optimizing your foundation models. You will learn how to apply the scaling laws to distributing your model and dataset over multiple GPUs, remove bias, achieve high throughput, and build deployment pipelines. By the end of this book, you’ll be well equipped to embark on your own project to pretrain and fine-tune the foundation models of the future.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
1
Part 1: Before Pretraining
5
Part 2: Configure Your Environment
9
Part 3: Train Your Model
13
Part 4: Evaluate Your Model
17
Part 5: Deploy Your Model

Running compiled models on Amazon’s Trainium and Inferentia custom hardware

So far in this book, most of the accelerators we evaluated have been GPUs designed and built by NVIDIA. As we learned earlier, NVIDIA’s excellent software enables the lion’s share of deep learning frameworks to run nicely on those same GPUs, which ends up being a primary deciding factor in using GPUs. We also learned earlier how those same GPUs are also available on AWS, notably through our machine learning service, Amazon SageMaker.

However, as you have no doubt realized by this point, the price tag of those same GPUs can be high! Even though AWS has generous enterprise discount programs, such as using reserved instances to save up to 75% (6), you would still benefit from learning about alternatives. Basic economics tells us that when supply increases, such as through alternative accelerators, while demand stays constant, the price drops! This is exactly what we’re thrilled to...