Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

By : Emily Webber
4.5 (2)
Book Image

Pretrain Vision and Large Language Models in Python

4.5 (2)
By: Emily Webber

Overview of this book

Foundation models have forever changed machine learning. From BERT to ChatGPT, CLIP to Stable Diffusion, when billions of parameters are combined with large datasets and hundreds to thousands of GPUs, the result is nothing short of record-breaking. The recommendations, advice, and code samples in this book will help you pretrain and fine-tune your own foundation models from scratch on AWS and Amazon SageMaker, while applying them to hundreds of use cases across your organization. With advice from seasoned AWS and machine learning expert Emily Webber, this book helps you learn everything you need to go from project ideation to dataset preparation, training, evaluation, and deployment for large language, vision, and multimodal models. With step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples, you’ll go from mastering the concept of pretraining to preparing your dataset and model, configuring your environment, training, fine-tuning, evaluating, deploying, and optimizing your foundation models. You will learn how to apply the scaling laws to distributing your model and dataset over multiple GPUs, remove bias, achieve high throughput, and build deployment pipelines. By the end of this book, you’ll be well equipped to embark on your own project to pretrain and fine-tune the foundation models of the future.
Table of Contents (23 chapters)
1
Part 1: Before Pretraining
5
Part 2: Configure Your Environment
9
Part 3: Train Your Model
13
Part 4: Evaluate Your Model
17
Part 5: Deploy Your Model

Distribution Fundamentals

In this chapter, you’ll learn conceptual fundamentals for the distribution techniques you need to employ for large-scale pretraining and fine-tuning. First, you’ll master top distribution concepts for machine learning (ML), notably model and data parallel. Then, you’ll learn how Amazon SageMaker integrates with distribution software to run your job on as many GPUs as you need. You’ll learn how to optimize model and data parallel for large-scale training, especially with techniques such as sharded data parallelism. Then, you’ll learn how to reduce your memory consumption with advanced techniques such as optimizer state sharding, activation checkpointing, compilation, and more. Lastly, we’ll look at a few examples across language, vision, and more to bring all of these concepts together.

In this chapter, we’re going to cover the following main topics:

  • Understanding key concepts—data and model...